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<?php
global $STEMMING_EN_STEP2A;
$STEMMING_EN_STEP2A = array(
"TIONAL" => "TION", "ENCI" => "ENCE", "ANCI" => "ANCE", "ABLI" => "ABLE", "ENTLI" => "ENT",
"IZER" => "IZE", "IZATION" => "IZE", "ATIONAL" => "ATE", "ATION" => "ATE", "ATOR" => "ATE",
"ALISM" => "AL", "ALITI" => "AL", "ALLI" => "AL", "FULNESS" => "FUL", "OUSLI" => "OUS",
"OUSNESS" => "OUS", "IVENESS" => "IVE", "IVITI" => "IVE", "BILITI" => "BLE", "BLI" => "BLE",
"FULLI" => "FUL", "LESSLI" => "LESS"
);
global $STEMMING_EN_STEP2;
$STEMMING_EN_STEP2 = "/(".implode("|", array_keys($STEMMING_EN_STEP2A))."|OGI|LI)$/";
global $STEMMING_EN_STEP3A;
$STEMMING_EN_STEP3A = array(
"TIONAL" => "TION", "ATIONAL" => "ATE", "ALIZE" => "AL", "ICATE" => "IC", "ICITI" => "IC",
"ICAL" => "IC", "FUL" => "", "NESS" => ""
);
global $STEMMING_EN_STEP3;
$STEMMING_EN_STEP3 = "/(".implode("|", array_keys($STEMMING_EN_STEP3A))."|ATIVE)$/";
global $STEMMING_EN_STEP4A;
$STEMMING_EN_STEP4A = array(
"AL", "ANCE", "ENCE", "ER", "IC",
"ABLE", "IBLE", "ANT", "EMENT", "MENT",
"ENT", "ISM", "ATE", "ITI", "OUS",
"IVE", "IZE"
);
global $STEMMING_EN_STEP4;
$STEMMING_EN_STEP4 = "/(".implode("|", $STEMMING_EN_STEP4A)."|ION)$/";
global $STEMMING_EN_EX1;
$STEMMING_EN_EX1 = array(
"SKIS" => "SKI",
"SKIES" => "SKY",
"DYING" => "DIE",
"LYING" => "LIE",
"TYING" => "TIE",
"IDLY" => "IDL",
"GENTLY" => "GENTL",
"UGLY" => "UGLI",
"EARLY" => "EARLI",
"ONLY" => "ONLI",
"SINGLY" => "SINGL",
"SKY" => "SKY",
"NEWS" => "NEWS",
"HOWE" => "HOWE",
"ATLAS" => "ATLAS",
"COSMOS" => "COSMOS",
"BIAS" => "BIAS",
"ANDES" => "ANDES",
);
global $STEMMING_EN_EX2;
$STEMMING_EN_EX2 = array(
"INNING" => 1,
"OUTING" => 1,
"CANNING" => 1,
"HERRING" => 1,
"EARRING" => 1,
"PROCEED" => 1,
"EXCEED" => 1,
"SUCCEED" => 1,
);
function stemming_letter_en()
{
return "qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmQWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM";
}
function stemming_stop_en($sWord)
{
if (mb_strlen($sWord) < 2)
return false;
static $stop_list = false;
if (!$stop_list)
{
$stop_list = array(
"QUOTE" => 0, "HTTP" => 0, "WWW" => 0, "RU" => 0, "IMG" => 0, "GIF" => 0, "A" => 0, "THE" => 0, "IS" => 0,
"ARE" => 0, "OFF" => 0, "ON" => 0, "AND" => 0, "IN" => 0, "FOR" => 0, "OF" => 0, "BY" => 0, "WITH" => 0,
"BE" => 0, "WAS" => 0, "IT" => 0,
);
if (defined("STEMMING_STOP_EN"))
{
foreach (explode(",", STEMMING_STOP_EN) as $word)
{
$word = trim($word);
if ($word <> '')
$stop_list[$word] = 0;
}
}
}
return !array_key_exists($sWord, $stop_list);
}
function stemming_upper_en($sText)
{
return ToUpper($sText);
}
function stemming_en($word)
{
global $STEMMING_EN_STEP2A;
global $STEMMING_EN_STEP2;
global $STEMMING_EN_STEP3A;
global $STEMMING_EN_STEP3;
global $STEMMING_EN_STEP4A;
global $STEMMING_EN_STEP4;
global $STEMMING_EN_EX1;
global $STEMMING_EN_EX2;
//If the word has two letters or less, leave it as it is.
$word_len = mb_strlen($word);
if ($word_len <= 2)
return $word;
if (array_key_exists($word, $STEMMING_EN_EX1))
return $STEMMING_EN_EX1[$word];
//Set initial y, or y after a vowel, to Y, and then establish the regions R1 and R2. (See note on vowel marking.)
$vowels = "AEIOUY";
$word = preg_replace("/^Y/", "y", $word);
$word = preg_replace("/([$vowels])(Y)/", "\\1y", $word);
//In any word, R1 is the region after the first non-vowel following a vowel, or the end of the word if it contains no such a non-vowel.
$R1 = 0;
while (($R1 < $word_len) && (mb_strpos($vowels, mb_substr($word, $R1, 1)) === false))
$R1++;
while (($R1 < $word_len) && (mb_strpos($vowels, mb_substr($word, $R1, 1)) !== false))
$R1++;
if ($R1 < $word_len)
$R1++;
if (preg_match("/^COMMUN/", $word))
$R1 = 6;
if (preg_match("/^GENER/", $word))
$R1 = 5;
$R2 = $R1;
while (($R2 < $word_len) && (mb_strpos($vowels, mb_substr($word, $R2, 1)) === false))
$R2++;
while (($R2 < $word_len) && (mb_strpos($vowels, mb_substr($word, $R2, 1)) !== false))
$R2++;
if ($R2 < $word_len)
$R2++;
//Step 1a:
// Search for the longest among the following suffixes, and perform the action indicated.
$found = array();
if (preg_match("/(SSES|IED|IES|US|SS|S)$/", $word, $found))
{
switch ($found[0])
{
//sses - replace by ss
case "SSES":
$word = mb_substr($word, 0, $word_len - 4)."SS";
break;
//ied+ ies* - replace by i if preceded by more than one letter, otherwise by ie (so ties -> tie, cries -> cri)
case "IED":
case "IES":
if (mb_strlen($word) > 4)
$word = mb_substr($word, 0, $word_len - 3)."I";
else
$word = mb_substr($word, 0, $word_len - 3)."IE";
break;
//s delete if the preceding word part contains a vowel not immediately before the s
// (so gas and this retain the s, gaps and kiwis lose it)
case "S":
if (preg_match("/([$vowels].*.)(S)$/", $word))
$word = mb_substr($word, 0, $word_len - 1);
break;
//us+ ss - do nothing
}
}
if (array_key_exists($word, $STEMMING_EN_EX2))
return $word;
//Step 1b:
// Search for the longest among the following suffixes, and perform the action indicated.
//eed eedly+ - replace by ee if in R1
if (preg_match("/(EEDLY|INGLY|EDLY|EED|ING|ED)$/", $word, $found))
{
switch ($found[0])
{
case "EEDLY":
case "EED":
if (preg_match("/".$found[0]."$/", mb_substr($word, $R1)))
$word = mb_substr($word, 0, mb_strlen($word) - mb_strlen($found[0]))."EE";
break;
default:
//delete if the preceding word part contains a vowel, and then
if (($step1b = preg_replace("/([$vowels].*)(ED|EDLY|ING|INGLY)$/", "\\1", $word)) != $word)
{
//if the word ends at, bl or iz add e (so luxuriat -> luxuriate), or
if (($step1b1 = preg_replace("/(AT|BL|IZ)$/", "\\1E", $step1b)) == $step1b)
//if the word ends with a double remove the last letter (so hopp -> hop), or
if (preg_match("/(BB|DD|FF|GG|MM|NN|PP|RR|TT)$/", $step1b))
$step1b1 = mb_substr($step1b, 0, mb_strlen($step1b) - 1);
else
{
//if the word is short, add e (so hop -> hope)
//A word is called short if it consists of a short syllable preceded by zero or more consonants.
//Define a short syllable in a word as either (a) a vowel followed by a non-vowel other than w, x or Y
//and preceded by a non-vowel, or * (b) a vowel at the beginning of the word followed by a non-vowel.
if (preg_match("/^[^$vowels]+[$vowels][^WXy$vowels]$/", $step1b)
|| preg_match("/^[$vowels][^$vowels]$/", $step1b)
)
$step1b1 = $step1b."E";
}
$step1b = $step1b1;
}
$word = $step1b;
}
}
//Step 1c: *
// replace suffix y or Y by i if preceded by a non-vowel which is not the first letter of the word (so cry -> cri, by -> by, say -> say)
$word = preg_replace("/^(.+[^$vowels])([yY])$/", "\\1I", $word);
//Step 2:
// Search for the longest among the following suffixes, and, if found and in R1, perform the action indicated.
if (
preg_match($STEMMING_EN_STEP2, $word, $found)
&& preg_match("/".$found[0]."$/", mb_substr($word, $R1))
)
{
switch ($found[0])
{
case "OGI":
if (preg_match("/LOGI$/", $word))
$word = mb_substr($word, 0, mb_strlen($word) - 3)."OG";
break;
case "LI":
if (preg_match("/[CDEGHKMNRT]LI$/", $word))
$word = mb_substr($word, 0, mb_strlen($word) - 2);
break;
default:
$word = mb_substr($word, 0, mb_strlen($word) - mb_strlen($found[0])).$STEMMING_EN_STEP2A[$found[0]];
}
}
//Step 3:
// Search for the longest among the following suffixes, and, if found and in R1, perform the action indicated.
if (
preg_match($STEMMING_EN_STEP3, $word, $found)
&& preg_match("/".$found[0]."$/", mb_substr($word, $R1))
)
{
switch ($found[0])
{
case "ATIVE":
if (preg_match("/ATIVE$/", mb_substr($word, $R2)))
$word = mb_substr($word, 0, mb_strlen($word) - 5);
break;
default:
$word = mb_substr($word, 0, mb_strlen($word) - mb_strlen($found[0])).$STEMMING_EN_STEP3A[$found[0]];
}
}
//Step 4:
// Search for the longest among the following suffixes, and, if found and in R2, perform the action indicated.
if (
preg_match($STEMMING_EN_STEP4, $word, $found)
&& preg_match("/".$found[0]."$/", mb_substr($word, $R2))
)
{
switch ($found[0])
{
case "ION":
if (preg_match("/[ST]ION$/", $word))
$word = mb_substr($word, 0, mb_strlen($word) - mb_strlen($found[0]));
break;
default:
$word = mb_substr($word, 0, mb_strlen($word) - mb_strlen($found[0]));
}
}
//Step 5:
if (
preg_match("/E$/", mb_substr($word, $R2))
|| (
preg_match("/E$/", mb_substr($word, $R1))
//Define a short syllable in a word as either (a) a vowel followed by a non-vowel other than w, x or Y
//and preceded by a non-vowel, or * (b) a vowel at the beginning of the word followed by a non-vowel.
&& !(
preg_match("/[^$vowels][$vowels][^WXy$vowels].$/", $word)
|| preg_match("/^[$vowels][^$vowels].$/", $word)
)
)
)
{
$word = mb_substr($word, 0, mb_strlen($word) - 1);
}
elseif (preg_match("/L$/", mb_substr($word, $R2)) && preg_match("/LL$/", $word))
{
$word = mb_substr($word, 0, mb_strlen($word) - 1);
}
return str_replace("y", "Y", $word);
}